What You Need To Know About Kidney
Kidney disease is one of the costliest illnesses in the world today and Managing Kidney is very expensive. Each year, lots of people die because of Kidney Disease in Nigeria and all over the world. As recorded, more than 260,000 Americans suffer from chronic renal failure and need dialysis or kidney transplantation to stay alive and more than 35,000 patients are waiting for kidney transplants, but only about 11,000 will receive transplants. Your kidneys are two bean-shaped organs near the middle of your back. Their main function is to eliminate excess fluid and waste material from your blood.
Your kidneys do some important jobs to keep your body healthy such as:
• Balance your body fluids. Excess fluid is filtered out as urine.
• Remove waste products from your blood.
• Remove drugs and toxins from your body.
• Release hormones into your blood to Control blood pressure, Make red blood cells, and to keep your bones healthy.
What are kidney diseases and it causes?
Kidney diseases are diseases of the kidney substance that alter the structure and function of the kidney. There are many diseases of the kidneys such as glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis & polycystic kidney. The treatment and potential for recovery depends on the type of disease. Kidney diseases can lead to kidney failure. Kidney failure is a condition where the kidneys are incapable of performing its normal function. Certain toxic substances which should have been excreted such as urea and creatinine are accumulated in the body. The two main causes of kidney failure are Diabetes & High Blood Pressure.
Many other conditions can harm the kidneys. These include:
.Glomerulonephritis, a disease that causes inflammation in the kidneys.
.Inherited diseases like polycystic kidney disease, which causes many cysts to form in the kidneys.
.IGA nephropathy or other nephropathy. Essentially an autoimmune problem. Exact trigger not well known.
.Very large, long standing kidney stone.
.NSAID or pain killer like ponstan, voltaren can cause kidney failure.
Risk factors for chronic kidney disease include:
.Diabetes
.High blood pressure
.A family history of chronic kidney disease
.Older age
.Drug overdose, excessive use of alcohol
.Long term use of pain medications such as aspirin, panadol, ibuprofen and treatment with antibiotic.
How to early detect kidney ailments?
1. Blood in urine. Most often not visible. But sometimes may appear tea colour urine.
2. Protein in urine, low urine output.
3. Swelling of face and legs
4.Tiredness, fatigue
5.Pale and sallow complexion
6.Have dry and itchy skin
7.Poor appetite, sometimes accompanied with nausea and vomiting
8.High blood pressure. Especially when it is hard to bring it to good control.
How do you prevent kidney failure?
Early detection can do a lot in preventing deterioration of the kidney function. Kidney failure does not go down the drain in 3 months, or even one year usually. But deteriorate very slowly. Thus getting screening helps.
1. Simple testing of urine with dipstick for protein. If you have 2 positive results over several weeks, please consult Doctor.
2. Have a blood test for creatinine. Once creatinine exit the high control limit of 133 umol/L, the kidney will fail exponentially.
3. 24 hours urine collection for creatinine and urine protein.
4. Ultra sound or CT scan of kidney.
What happens if kidney failure occurs? (End Stage Renal Disease)
Two successful treatments can be done – Dialysis or a Kidney Transplant. These treatments can help you stay healthy and continue your daily activities.
Dialysis is a type of treatment that removes wastes and excess fluid from your blood. 3 forms of dialysis can be done – hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).
A kidney transplant is an operation to place a new kidney in your body to take over the work of your failed kidneys. The kidney may come from someone who has died or from a living donor who may be a close relatives, friend or possibly a stranger who wished to donate a kidney to anyone in need of a transplant.
How do you keep your kidneys healthy and more resistant to deterioration?
1. Hydrate yourself well. Drink lots of plain water to keep your urine pale most of the time.
2. Avoid unnecessary medication (esp. NSAID and on long term). Look for better alternative solution.
3. Avoid overloading your kidney with protein. Most of us only need about 2 ounces of protein a day! Protein leakage through the kidney filter accelerates the deterioration of kidney function. Consult a renal dietitian if you need help.
4. Keep your cholesterol in good level.
5. Keep blood pressure and sugar in good control.